18 Steps to Fluency in Euro-Glosa

by Wendy Ashby and Ronald Clark 1985-1992, HTML-version by Marcel Springer 2001 ... 2006

1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 5 – 6 – 7 – 8 – 9 – 10 – 11 – 12 – 13 – 14 – 15 – 16 – 17 – 18

Foreword by the HTML-Writer

This HTML-file is a light version of the book

Ashby, Wendy/ Clark, Ronald:
18 Steps to Fluency in Euro-Glosa,
The Interlanguage for Europe and the World,
3rd edition © 1992 by Glosa Education Organizaton,
Richmond, UK; ISBN 0 946540 15 2.

You can buy the book from Wendy Ashby (c/o Glosa Education Organization, P. O. Box 18, Richmond Surrey TW9 2GE, England). By purchasing this £8.95 book, you will be helping Glosa to grow. USA-citizens can buy a paper copy of this HTML-document from Gary Miller () for 5 USD plus shipping.

This file does not contain the whole book, and does not aim to. Though all the sample sentences and rules have been included, only Steps 1-3, 5, 9, 13 and 16-18 are really complete. The Glosa 1000 vocabulary list is missing, please refer to the Glosa Internet Dictionary. This version is meant only as a supplement to Glosa's presentation on the Internet. There is also a German and an unfinished Russian version available.

From the book itself, and from a letter from Wendy Ashby, I draw the conclusion, that this book is intended to be THE official description of Glosa.

Thanks to Wendy Ashby for the permission to put this on the net and to Nick Hempshall for his comments. Please report errors to . Thank you.

Marcel Springer, document started 2001, last modified June 2006.

- cover page -

18 STEPS
to FLUENCY in

EURO-GLOSA

THE INTERLANGUAGE
FOR EUROPE AND THE WORLD

EASILY LEARNT IN A FEW DAYS
VOCABULARY OF 1000 GREEK AND LATIN ROOTS
COMMON TO ALL THE EURO-LANGUAGES
INCLUDING RUSSIAN,
AND THE ENORMOUS VOCABULARY OF SCIENCE.
PHONETIC SPELLING.
NO ILLOGICAL BORING GRAMMAR.
INFINITELY EXPANDABLE
TO MATCH RATE OF SCIENTIFIC ADVANCE.
EACH GLOSA WORD STANDS FOR ONLY ONE CONCEPT.
GLOSA 1000 COPES EASILY WITH ALL SUBJECTS
SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL, COMMERCIAL & LITERARY.
AIDS LEARNING OF EURO-LANGUAGES.
IDEAL FOR EDUCATION, INTELLIGENT TOURISM AND
COMPUTERIZATION.

- p. 3 -

[Note: a lot of the word lists and pictures listed in the contents table below are not contained in this HTML-version.]

	The Global Language for the Global Village	... p. 4
	Pronunciation, Alphabet, Punctuation	... p. 5
Step 1:	A, the; Past and future tenses;	... p. 6
	numbers, -co, picture crossword.	... p. 7
Step 2:	Would, if	... p. 9
	professions, colors, place (words & picture)	... p. 10
Step 3:	Not, negative. Shops. Living things. Buildings	... p. 12
Step 4:	Forming questions;	... p. 15
	Parts of the body; Rings and Things. Vessels. Furniture.	... p. 16
Step 5:	What? Which? Greetings, Devices.	... p. 18
Step 6:	This & that. These & those;	... p. 21
	Places. Materials. Sets. Thread. Stone; Things to eat (picture page and phrases).	... p. 22
Step 7:	Get. Become. Got;;	... p. 24
	Opposites. Get & got. Clothes. Cloths;	... p. 25
	Travel (picture & phrases).	... p. 26
Step 8:	May, perhaps, must, have to;	... p. 28
	The house (picture & phrases).	... p. 29
Step 9:	Time, during;	... p. 31
	Street scene (picture & text);	... p. 32
	Psalm 23 (parallel text).	... p. 33
Step 10:	Very, intense;	... p. 34
	Hospital (picture & phrases).	... p. 35
Step 11:	Ought to, should;	... p. 37
	Communications (picture & phrases).	... p. 38
Step 12:	More than, less than, as big as;	... p. 40
	Tools (picture & phrases).	... p. 41
Step 13:	Oneself. One's own;	... p. 43
	Post Office (picture & phrases).	... p. 44
Step 14:	Most, -est;	... p. 46
	Camping (picture & phrases).	... p. 47
Step 15:	..., who. ..., which;	... p. 49
	Apiculture (picture & phrases).	... p. 50
Step 16:	Cause, make, switch on;	... p. 52
	Tri Andro in Navi (parallel text).	... p. 53
Step 17:	Near Future. Recent Past;	... p. 55
	Shakespeare (parallel text).	... p. 56
Step 18:	Continue, -ing, still;	... p. 58
	Some English idioms. Mega Glosa.	... p. 59
	Glosa Mechanics.	... p. 60
	Glosa 1000 - English Vocabulary	... p. 61
	English - Glosa 1000 Vocabulary	... p. 88

- p. 4 -

The Global Language for the Global Village

A truly International Auxiliary Language must be easy to learn for motivated people everywhere. It must not become a merely holiday language for comfortable westerners.

It must be easy for the Third World Villager as well as for western scientist and poet. Just such a language is Glosa, which simplifies, improves and economizes international communication.

Glosa is the ideal oral complement to the electronic Information Technology Revolution.

All the old languages face the student with lists of frightfully strange-looking words, which have to be thoroughly memorized plus a complex Grammar.

In contrast all Glosa words are already internationally familiar and in lively daily use not only in Europe but everywhere modern Medicine and Science penetrate.

The late Prof. Lancelot Hogben pointed out that "The world-wide vocabulary of Science is the nearest thing to the lexicon of a truly Global Language that Mankind has yet achieved. It derives its words from two dead languages - Latin and now, almost exclusively Greek."

Although Glosa has a very large Mega Vocabulary, its heart, its centre consists of only 1000 words which can easily cope with any kind of intelligent conversation accurately and euphoniously.

The Mechanics of Glosa neatly summarized on one page shows how 20 little words of the 1000 deal easily with Tense, Comparison, Number etc.

There are 18 lessons, each one with exercises for translation from English into Glosa, and vice versa [In this file, the exercises and translations have been brought together as parallel columns.]. Each lesson contains parallel English and Glosa sentences. Simple informal letters are provided in alternate lessons, and useful phrases.

Many informative illustrations [A lot of them not in this file].

The vocabularies at the back list Glosa 1000 into English and a 2000 word English vocabulary into Glosa 1000 [Not in this file.].

Each Glosa word stands for a Concept, rather like the head word in Roget's Thesaurus.

Each Glosa word can act as any part of speech, as do Chinese and, increasingly, English. The Glosa student will quickly discover that there is much color and poetry in the Greek and Latin roots of Sci-tek Terminology, and they will soon acquire a network of colorful associations. Each Glosa word is a little sun, from which radiate a host of derivatives in all the Euro-languages, including German and Russian.

- p. 5 -

Preliminary Notes

Pronunciation

Every letter must be pronounced including the final vowel.
5 vowels as in Spanish, and as pronounced in English: fAther, cafE, machIne, mOre, lUnar.
Try to pronounce O like English AW.
Diphthongs. Pronounce vowels separately.
Consonants as in English with following exceptions:
  C always pronounced like CH in English CHurCH.
  J as Y in Yes.
  R must always be pronounced, preferably trilled.
  G must always be hard as in Get.
  H should always be pronounced as in English Help.
  Q pronounced as English QU or KW.
  SC always pronounced like English SH (- but is very rare. A regular pronounciation like S-CH should be possible, too).

(Addition, see the book "Glosa 6000", p. 17:) One or two Greek words start off with awkward-looking pairs of consonants as in psychology. It is prefereable to pronounce the P, but not essential, and can be left to individual discretion.
Analogously, X in the beginning of a word could be pronounced like S, but pronouncing it KS would be better.
Accent gently on vowel before last consonant.


            Glosa     pronounciation

instead     vice      veechay 
meat        karni     kahrrnee 
blue        ciano     cheeahnaw 
wood        xilo      ksilaw or zeelaw 
machine     makina    mahkeenah 
light       lumi      loomee 
question    qestio    kwaysteeaw (error in original: "questio") 
swing       osci      awshee 
white       leuko     layookaw

Spelling

Spelling is phonetic. Greek PH replaced by F, CH by K, Y by I, TH by T.

Alphabet

The letters are named as follows (Spelling shows English pronunciation):
AH, BAY, CHAY, DAY, AY, FAY, GAY, HAY, EE, YAY, KAY, LAY, MAY, NAY, AW, PAY, KOOAY, RAY, SAY, TAY, OO, VAY, DEEPLAW VAY (error in original: "DUPLO VAY") EKS, EE GREK, ZETAH.

Punctuation

Colon precedes items of a catalogue. Fe stude: biologi, kemi.
Comma separates items from each other.
Semi-colon separates clauses, principal and subordinate.
A clause is a group of words containing a finite verb.
There are plenty of examples in the book.

(To steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 6 -

Step 1

u	a, the, one
plu	more than one
pa	(PAst), did, -ed
fu	(FUture), shall


Mi grafo poesi.	I write poetry.
Mi sporta tenis.	I play tennis.
Mi amo skope televisio.	I like watching television.
Mi amo visita u teatra	I like visiting the theatre.
Mi amo lekto.	I like reading.
Mi lekto e grafo.	I read and write.
Mi lekto u bibli.	I read the book.
Mi fu lekto u bibli.	I shall read the book.
Mi fu gene sko de Glosa.	I will learn Glosa.
Mi amo gene sko de plu lingua.	I like learning languages.
Mi fu lekto plu bibli.	I will read the books.
Mi fu ki ana monti.	I will climb up the mountain.
Mi pa lekto plu bibli.	I read (did read) the books.
Mi pa visita u teatra.	I visited the theatre.
Mi pa audi u radio.	I listened to the radio.

Vocabulary

drama	acting
musika	music
kulti plu fito	growing plants
grafo poesi / plu grama	writing poetry / letters
gresi	walking
nekto	swimming
viagia	travel
e	and
kanta	singing
kore	dancing
kapti plu piski	catching fish
face plu kerami vasa	making pottery vases
kolekti plu moneta	collecting coins
kolekti plu posta karta	collecting post cards
lekto plu bibli	reading books
fotografi	photography
internexu	networking
audi u radio	listening to radio
kambio plu grama	exchanging letters
gene sko de plu lingua	learning languages
skope televisio	watching television
sporta tenis	playing tennis
plu gram-ami	penfriends
visita u teatra / plu ami	visiting the theatre / friends
trikota e sue	knitting and sewing
soni u piano	playing the piano
amo	to like, love
de	in relation to; with respect to
plu enigma	puzzles
kuko	cooking
plu puta-me ludi	computer games
habe	to have; to possess

- p. 7 -

Numbers

1	mo
2	bi
3	tri
4	tet or tetra
5	pen or penta
6	six (or sixa)
7	seti or septi
8	ok or okto
9	nona
10	deka
0	ze or zero
11	mo mo
12	mo bi
20	bi ze
50	pen ze
100	mo hekto (original says mo centi, but centi* is better for "1/100")*
1000	mo kilo
million	miliona
92	nona bi
10 in the 6th power	dek a six
5/8, 5 over 8	pen su ok
3,2	tri koma bi
+	plus
-	minus
x, by	para
3 x 4 = 12	tri para tet eqa mo bi
divide	divide
5 books	penta bibli
the 5th book	u bibli penta
3 times	tri kron
they have 2 each	singu pe habe bi ra
How many?	Qo numera? or Qanto?
Count them!	Numera mu!
June 8	di ok, meno six
Monday	di bi
date	datu

-co

This is the Glosa form of the Italian word ciò, which means this, that. In Glosa it means "what I've just said".

It helps to make the very useful Logical Connectors listed below. Glosa is a semantically based language, so that when a group of words shares a common element of meaning this is indicated in the form of each word.

In the old languages like English and French this common element finds no expression.

If you study the following list you will quickly see the usefulness of the device, and will find it easy to make up many others. [Note: In the original book all except ex-co are without hyphens. -co never stands alone, but always in combinations of this kind.]

po-co	after that
plus-co	moreover
homo-co	similarly
para-co	by the way
suma-co	summing up
fini-co	finally
seqe-co	consequently
kontra-co	conversely
ko-co	also
klu-co	even so
akorda-co	accordingly
hetero-co	otherwise
per-co	in this way
tem-co	meanwhile
anti-co	however
metri-co	to that extent
no-klu-co	apart from that
ex-co	from all that

- p. 8 -

Exercise 1

Mi kolekti plu moneta.	I collect coins.
Mi amo lekto e grafo.	I like reading and writing.
Mi grafo plu kanta e poesi.	I write songs and poetry.
Mi fu visita u teatra.	I will visit the theatre.
Mi fu skope u televisio.	I will watch the television.
Mi fu audi u kanta.	I will listen to the singing.
Mi pa audi u musika.	I listened to the music.
Mi pa lekto u grama.	I read (did read) the letter.
Mi pa visita bi ami.	I visited two friends.

Mi habe tri bibli.	I have three books.
Mi lekto u lingua bibli.	I'm reading the language book.
U bibli de plu fito.	A book about plants.
Mi amo sue.	I like sewing.
Mi pa nekto.	I swam.
Mi fu nekto.	I will swim.
Mi amo soni u piano.	I like playing the piano.
Mi pa grafo tri grama.	I wrote three letters.
U bibli de plu enigma.	A puzzle book.

Pikto-Verba

Kata:
1: [fish]           2: 2          3: [reading]           4: [swimming]
5: [coin]           6: 8

9:
Mo, bi, tri,
dice Glosa ko mi.
Lekto, graf e ludi;
dice Glosa nu-di.
11: [piano]           12: [dancer]           13: [letter]

14: [book]           15: [radio]           16: [dog with tongue]

Trans:
5: [notes]           7: [sewing]
8: [singing]           9: [cooking]           10: 3
11: [postcard]           13: [writing]           16: [wandering]
17: 1          18:           19: [flower]

Please click here for solution.

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 9 -

Step 2

sio	would if


Fe nima es Iris.	Her name is Iris.
Fe habe tetra anua.	She is four years old.
An nima es George.	His name is George.
An habe tri anua.	He is three years old.
Mi amo kolekti plu moneta.	I like collecting coins.
Mi sio amo grafo u bibli.	I would like to write a book.
Mi matri ergo in domi.	My mother works in the house.
Mi patri-matri soni u piano.	My grandmother plays the piano.
Fe sio amo viagia.	She would love to travel.
Mi patri ergo in pato-do.	My father works in the hospital.
An amo audi musika.	He likes listening to music.
An es u medika-pe.	He is a doctor.
Mi fratri eko in Paris.	My brother lives in Paris.
Mi sorori eko extra Paris.	My sister lives outside Paris.
Place. Gratia. Penite. (Errors in original: Gratio.* and Penito.)*	Please. Thank you. Sorry.
Mi spe gene tu reakti.	I hope to hear from you.

Vocabulary

es	is, be, am, are
Karo ...	Dear ...
tu	you, your
nima	name
in	inside, in
extra	outside, outdoors
anua	year, annual
eko	dwell, live
matri	mother
patri	father
fratri	brother
sorori	sister
ergo	work
domi; -do	house, building
pato	sick; ill
andro	man
an	he, him, his
gina	woman
fe	she, her
persona; pe	person; one
meno	month
gene	get, receive

Exchanging Letters

You can now start corresponding in Glosa. Write about your family, and interests. Here is an example.

Karo Andrew!

Mi pa lekto tu nima in “Plu Glosa Nota”; e mi sio amo kambio plu grama ko tu.

Mi habe deka anua. Mi eko ko mi matri, patri e fratri. Mi matri ergo in domi; e mi patri ergo (error in original eko) in pato-do. An es u medika-pe. Mi fratri habe tri anua. An nima es George. Mi amo lekto, grafo, musika, nekto, kuko, e kolekti plu posta-karta. Mi spe gene tu reakti. Plu Saluta

Irene

- p. 10 -

Plu Profesio

Many of the chief amenities of civilized life fall into 18 classes, which in Glosa can be conveniently abbreviated to two letters. By combining these with words representing activities you can build up a very large vocabulary easily involving little strain on the memory. -pe, which is the abbreviation for person can be combined with many of the words you have already learnt.

medika-pe	doctor
medika-fe	female doctor
medika-an	male doctor
piski-pe	fisherman
posta-pe	postman
kore-pe	dancer
kuko-pe	chef, cook
drama-fe	actress
gresi-pe	walker, hiker
sko-pe	instructor, teacher
stude-pe	student, pupil
musika-pe	musician
Italia-pe	Italian person
ergo-pe	worker
nuli-ergo-pe	unemployed person (Other suggestions are nul-ergo-pe* or ne-ergo-pe. The original word was minus ergo-pe, but that would mean "without a worker", "lacking a worker" or "workerless".)*
plu ergo-pe	staff, workers
eko-pe	inhabitant
habe-pe	proprietor
pato-pe	patient
grafo-pe	author, writer
viagia-pe	traveller
plu kanta-pe	singers
plu audi-pe	audience
nekto-pe	swimmer
monti-pe	mountaineer
plu skope-pe	spectators

When possible use local geographical names, eg. Sweden Sverige, Germany Deutschland, Rome Roma.

Colors

leuko	white
melano	black
polio	grey
xanto	yellow
rubi	red
ciano	blue
bruno	brown
leuko-bruno	beige
polio-bruno	fawn
purpuro	purple
purpuro-rubi	crimson
kloro	green
leuko kloro	pale green
sub kloro	greenish
fo-kloro	deep green
melano kloro	dark green
rubi-xanto	orange
minus kroma	colorless

Exercise 2

Mi habe okto anua.	I am 8 years old.
Mi gene sko de Glosa.	I am learning Glosa.
Mi gina-matri es u grafo-fe.	My mother-in-law is a writer.
Fe pa grafo penta bibli.	She has written five books.
Fe habe u puta-me.	She has a computer.
Mi patri es u drama-pe.	My father is an actor.
Plu audi-pe amo an.	The audience like him.
Mi matri es u sko-pe.	My mother is a teacher.
Mi eko in domi tri.	I live in the third house.
Patri-patri.	Grandfather (= father's father)

An habe bi-ze anua.	He is twenty years old.
Un an-piski habe mo anua	The male fish is one year old.
Piski-an	Fisherman.
Tu habe tri-ze moneta	You have 30 coins.
An kulti plu piski	He breeds fishes.
Mi pa gene okto grama	I received eight letters.
Mi pa posta six grama	I posted six letters.
Mi amo audi plu kanta-pe	I like listening to the choir.
Plu persona amo fe	The people like her.
Mi nima es Margaret.	My name is Margaret.

- p. 11 -

Place-Words

[diagram about the prepositions
epi, intra, dia and peri]

[diagram about the prepositions
ana and kata]

Since a place word is usually followed by a noun, there is no need for it to be followed by u(n), the article. For example:

U verba-bibli es epi tabla.	The dictionary is on the table.
Fe pa du gresi longi ripa.	She was walking along the riverbank.



Sedi in gono	sit in the corner
Grafo poesi in Glosa	write poetry in Glosa
Loka id in teka	Put it in the box
An eko kontra na	He lives opposite us
In e peri urba (original says urbs.)	In and around town
Sti id pende a mura (original says Pend id epi mura, which is okay, too. Other prepositions are also possible: Pend id a/de/epi/kata mura)	Hang it on the wall
Registra epi flexi disko (original says diska)	Record on to a floppy disk.
Fe pa loka u mantela epi (original says ep) se.	She put on her coat
Skope u programa per (Original says epi, which is okay, too. Other prepositions would be possible, too: Skope u programa per/ex/in/a/de/epi TV) TV	Watch a program on TV
Viagia trans (original says dia) rura	Travel through the countryside.
Kribri id. (original says Kribra id.)	Strain it through the sieve.
Hidro flu dia tubi.	Water flows through the tube.
Un avi pa peti (original says vola) supra dendro.	The bird flew over the tree.
Ki infra ponti.	Go under the bridge.
An pa dromo trans via.	He ran across the road.
Fe es supra.	She is upstairs.
Fe es infra.	She is downstairs.

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 12 -

Step 3

ne	not, negative


Mi patri ne sporta tenis.	My father doesn't play tennis.
An ne amo sporta tenis.	He doesn't like playing tennis.
An ne lekto.	He doesn't read.
An ne amo lekto.	He doesn't like reading.
Mi ne amo skope televisio.	I don't like watching TV.
An ergo in musika-bo.	He works in a music shop.
An ne ergo in pato-do.	He doesn't work in a hospital.
An ne pa sporta tenis pa-di.	He didn't play tennis yesterday.
Fe ne pa visita plu boteka.	She didn't go to the shops.
An ne pa visita fe di-tri.	He didn't visit her on Tuesday.
Na fu visita fe fu-di.	We shall visit her tomorrow.
An pa kapti bi piski nu-di.	He caught two fish today.
Mi patri ne pa ergo pa-di.	My father didn't work yesterday.
An ne ergo nu.	He isn't working now.
An es minus ergo.	He is unemployed.
Mi nu lekto u bibli.	I am now reading the book.
Fu-di na visita na matri-patri.	Tomorrow we visit our grandfather.
Di-tetra an pa visita na.	Wednesday he visited us.
Fu anua mi visita Paris e Roma.	Next year I visit Paris and Rome.
Di-penta mana. Di-mo vespera.	Thursday morning. Sunday evening.

Vocabulary

nu	now; present
religio	religion
boteka; -bo	shop
di	day
pa-di	yesterday
nu-di	today
fu-di	tomorrow
mana	morning
di-mo	Sunday
di-bi	Monday
horti	garden
na	we, us, our
mega	big, large, a lot
mo-tetra di	fortnight
setimana	week
vespera	evening

The pa and fu may be omitted if some other word like 'yesterday' fixes the time, eg.

Fu-di mi visita London.

Tomorrow I visit London.

Shops

pani-bo	baker's shop
bibli-bo	book shop
karni-bo	butcher's
medika-ma-bo (or farmako-bo. Original says kemi-bo)	chemist's
flori-bo	florist's
frukti-bo	fruiterer's
sito-fito-bo (original says kloro-bo)	green grocer's
sani-bo	health shop
gema-bo	jeweller's
piski-bo	fish-shop
musika-bo	music shop
grafo-bo	stationer
viagia-bo	travel agent

- p. 13 -

Living Things

[mouse, frog, hedgehog, squirrel,
hen, duck]

[bee, snake, kangaroo, sheep,
butterfly, fish]

- p. 14 -

Exercise 3

Mi ne amo ergo in domi.	I don't like working indoors.
Mi ne amo grafo plu grama.	I don't like writing letters.
Fu anua fe visita France.	Next year she visits France.
Pa anua mi es in pato-do.	Last year I was in hospital.
Pa-di na visita plu boteka.	Yesterday we went shopping.
Di-bi na visita u regi-do.	We visit the palace on Monday.
Plu kanta-pe pa kanta in religio-do.	The choir sang in the church.
Fe habe nuli horti.	She hasn't a garden.
An ne amo nekto.	He doesn't like swimming.
Fratri-gina.	Sister-in-law (brother's wife)
Plu lekto-pe.	The readership.

Na ne visita u religio-do.	We don't go to church.
Mu nu kanta.	They are now singing.
Fu setimana mi visita Nice.	Next week I visit Nice.
Fe ne fu visita u sporta-do.	She will not visit the gymnasium.
An habe u di-bibli.	He has a diary.
An ne pa es in domi.	He wasn't at home.
Na pa sporta in mega horti.	We played in the big garden.
Plu mega boteka.	Big shops/ Department stores.
Dora es u domi-fe.	Dora is a house-wife.
sani-sito-bo.	Health food shop.

domi [house]

Buildings

apis-do	bee-hive
bibli-do	library
bovi-do	cattle shed
religio-do	church, temple
lakti-do	dairy
agri-do	farm-house
face-do	factory
milita-do	fort
vagona-do	garage
sperma-do	granary
pato-do	hospital
kanis-do	kennel (for dogs)
puni-do	prison
fago-do	restaurant
ge-frakti-do	ruin
sko-do	school
equs-do	stable
mega tena-do	warehouse

Plu Glosa Nota, ISSN 0265-6892: This newsletter keeps Glosa users in contact with one another, gives details of Glosa publications and activities and progress.
Articles: linguistic, scientific, technical, educational, Third world issues and conservation, translations, letters, penfriends requests and word games.
PGN is an aid to fluency in Glosa and is suitable for both beginners and advanced students of the language.

Eduka-Glosa, ISSN 0959-8251: The official journal of Glosa Education Organisation (GEO) Registered Charity Number 298237.
Eduka-Glosa emphasizes that apart from being an easy and accurate means of international communication Glosa makes a valuable contribution to general education, giving meaning to the thousands of scientific and technical terms and to the speedy acquisition of the Euro-vocabularies.

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 15 -

Step 4

Qe? starts a question; and "whether ...".

Qe tu lekto u bibli?	Are you reading a book?
Ja! mi lekto u bibli.	Yes, I'm reading a book.
Qe tu pa sporta tenis?	Did you play tenis?
Qe tu fu grafo u grama?	Will you write a letter?
Qe tu gene sko de Glosa?	Are you learning Glosa?
Qe tu eko in Britain alo Suomi?	Do you live in Britain or Finland?
Qe tu visita u sko-do?	Do you go to school?
No. Mi nu ergo in bibli-do.	No! I now work in the library.
Qe tu dice poli lingua?	Do you speak many languages?
Mi dice tri lingua; France-lingua, suomi-lingua e Glosa.	I speak 3 languages, French, Finish and Glosa.
Qe tu es Suomi-pe?	Are you Finnish?
Qe Glosa es tu lingua bi? or Qe Glosa es u lingua bi de tu?	Is Glosa your second language?
Tu dice bi lingua, qe?	You speak two languages, don't you?

... [missing: Vocabulary]

Note: Animals and plants have their international biological names. The name of a Genus begins with a Capital. Language name = name of country + lingua; or you can use the native name. Eg. England-lingua or English.

A Letter

Karo Irene,

Poli gratia de tu grama. Ja, mi sio amo kambio plu grama ko tu.
Mi habe mo-tetra anua. E mi habe bi fratri. Leo habe mo-bi anua, e Peter habe dek anua. Mi matri es u sko-fe; e mi patri es u grafo-pe. An grafo plu bibli de viagia, ekologi, auto-auxi, e agrikultura.

Mi amo lekto, musika, plu sporta, ekologi, gresi e viagia. Mi ne amo kuko. Qe tu amo plu zoa e fito? Qe tu habe u Felis alo Kanis? Mi habe u melano Felis.

Plu saluta ex

Andrew

- p. 16 -

Exercise 4

Qe tu visita u sko-do?	Do you go to school?
Qe tu pa visita u sito-bo?	Did you visit the grocer's?
Qe fe eko in Deutschland?	Does she live in Germany?
Qe an amo plu zoa?	Does he like animals?
Qe an pa ergo in horti?	Was he working in the garden?
Gratia de u kuko-bibli.	Thank you for the cookery book.
Qe tu pa visita Afrika?	Have you been to Africa?
Qe tu amo kulti plu fito?	Do you like growing plants?
Qe il es poli persona in domi?	Are there a lot of people in the building?
Tu es suomi-pe, qe?	You are Finnish, aren't you?

U sko-pe pa dice de ekologi.	The teacher talked about ecology.
Poli kanis ne amo plu felis.	Many dogs don't like cats.
Qe an ergo nu-di?	Is he working today?
Qe mi fu visita u musika-bo?	Shall I visit the music shop?
U bibli de plu avi	A book about birds.
Qe tu amo visita Helas?	Do you like visiting Greece?
Mi amo Afrika musika.	I like African music.
Qe tu habe un avi-do?	Have you an aviary?
Qe il pa es mega soni?	Was there a lot of noise?
Tu pa noku tu pedi, qe?	You've hurt your foot, haven't you?
Mi eko-lo es ...	My address is ...

... [missing: parts of the body (image)]
... [missing: parts of the body (word list)]

- p. 17 -

... [missing: rings and things (word list, words with -zo and -ra)]
... [missing: vessels (image with -va words)]
... [missing: furniture (image with -mo words)]

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 18 -

Step 5

Qo?	What? Which?


Qe tu amo plu zoa?	Do you like animals?
Qo plu speci zoa?	What kinds of animals?
Tu ne amo qo plu speci zoa?	What animals don't you like.
Mi ne amo plu avi.	I don't like birds.
Qo-ka tu ne amo plu avi?	Why don't you like birds?
Qo-horo tu visita fe?	When (What time) do you visit her?
Tu pa vide qo-pe?	Whom did you see?
Qo-te tu pa visita fe?	Why did you visit her?
Qo freqe tu visita an?	How often do you visit him?
Qo-mode tu kuko plu plaka?	How do you cook cakes?
Tu pa kuko qo numera plaka?	How many cakes did you cook?
Mi pa kuko bi-tetra plaka.	I baked 24 cakes.
Tu kamera habe qo metri?	How big is your room?
U pusi kamera. U mega kamera.	A small room. A large room.
U teka habe qo masi?	How heavy is the box?
Tu habe qo numera disko (original says diska)?	How many plates have you?
U disko (original says diska) habe qo metri?	How big is the plate?
Tu volu qo-ra?	What do you want?
Tu eko qo-lo?	Where do you live?
Mi eko ci. Tu eko la.	I live here. You live there.

Vocabulary

Qo speci?	What kind of?
Qo ka?	Why?
Qo-pe?	Who?
Qo-te? (inTEnd)	What purpose?
Qo freqe?	How often?
Qo mode?	What method?
Qo numera?	How many?
Qo metri?	What size?
ci	here
la	there
Qo masi?	How heavy?
Qo-lo?	Where?
Qo-ra?	What thing?
plaka	cake
kamera	room
teka	box
volu	want, wish
disko (original says diska)	plate, disk
pusi	small, little

Exercise 5

Tu dice qo-numera lingua?	How many languages do you speak?
Tu domi habe qo numera kamera?	How many rooms in your house?
Tu visita mu qo-freqe?	How often do you visit them?
Tu horti habe qo-metri?	How big is your garden?
Qo-horo tu nekto?	What time are you going swimming?
Qo-ka fe es in pato-do?	Why is she in hospital?
Qe an habe poli sporta-ra?	Does he have a lot of toys?
Qo-lo es u posta-teka? (error in original posta-tela)	Where is the post-box?
Tu pa telefono a qo-pe?	To whom did you telephone?

Mu domi habe qo-metri?	How big is their (error in original: "your") house?
Tu domi es qo-lo?	Where is your house?
Qo-freqe tu nekto?	How often do you go swimming?
Fe habe qo numera anua?	How old is she?
Qe id es ci? Id ne es la.	Is it here? It isn't there.
Qo-ka tu pa telefono an?	Why did you telephone him?
U disko (original says diska) de plu pusi plaka	A plate of small cakes.
Qe tu habe u mega horti?	Have you a big garden?
Qo-lo tu sio amo eko?	Where would you like to live?
Ave! Vale!	Hello! Goodbye!

- p. 19 -

Greetings

There are several alternatives to the everyday phrases below, and the advanced Glosa dictionaries provide plenty of synonyms for variety.

Boni di!	Good-day! Hullo!
Boni mana!	Good morning
Boni vespera!	Good evening
Boni nokti!	Good night!
Saluta!	Hullo! Welcome!
Plu Saluta!	Greetings!
Komo tu?	How are you?
Qe tu habe sani? (original says Qe tu es bene?)	Are you well?
Ave!	Hullo!
Vale!	Goodbye!
A re-vide!	Au revoir!
Hedo nati-di!	Happy birthday!
Hedo Kristo-nati!	Merry Christmas!
Hedo Neo Anua!	Happy New Year!
Plu kardia saluta!	Best Wishes!
Plu ami (original says amiko) saluta!	Friendly Greetings!
Plu gratula!	Congratulations!
Mi gratula tu!	I congratulate you!
A tu sani!	Cheers! Good health!
Boni Fortuna!	Good luck! fortunately
Mali fortuna!	Bad luck! unfortunately
Boni viagia!	Have a good journey!
Komo deino!	How terrible!
Komo mira!	What a surprise!
Bene!	Well!
Place. Gratia de ...	Please! Thank you for ...
No! Ja!	No! Yes!
Penite! pardo!	Sorry! Excuse me!
No-gravi!	It's quite alright!
Siniora. Siniorina (Sa.) (The abbreviation Sa. seems to belong to both, Siniora and Siniorina. A better suggestion for a honorific word would be Civi [citizen], that can be used for both genders, or you can specify an-Civi, fe-Civi, ju-fe-Civi, if you need.)	Mrs. Miss (Ms)
Sinior (Sr.) (A better suggestion for a honorific word would be Civi* [citizen], that can be used for both genders, or you can specify an-Civi, fe-Civi, ju-fe-Civi, if you need.)*	Mr.
Qe?	Isn't it?
Qe, veri?	Really?
A tu sinceri (Saluta* is preferable as a letter sign-off.)*	Yours sincerely

- p. 20 -

puta-me [computer]

Devices

sto-me	brake
pikto-me	camera
gira-me	centrifuge
puta-me	computer
horo-me	clock
fla-me	fan
disko-me	disk drive
metri-me	gauge
termo-me	heater
glaci-me	freezer
leva-me	jack
frigi-me	refrigerator
sue-me	sewing machine
skizo-me	shredder

Glosa 1000

es un organiza de 1000 internatio Latin e Greko radi ad-in expresi e eufoni Internatio Auxi Lingua (IAL).

Glosa es u mikro modifi de "Interglossa" ex Prof. Lancelot Hogben; Pelikan Books 1943.

In jurnala "Plu Glosa Nota" pe monstra; per uti 1000-ci radi id es delekta facili de traduce ali tema, skience, tekno alo literari.

Glosa du expande trans munda; plu diktionari es in plu biblioteka; e plu gram-ami kambio plu grama e plu kaseta. Plura persona es nexu-pe pro mu regio.

Glosa Education Organisation (GEO), ge-registra karita numera 298237 tende: Publika u lingua. Provide info de id inter plu persona, plu studenta e plu eduka-pe in holo munda. E de sti u doci de Glosa in plu eduka-do.

U GEO jurnala ge-nima "Eduka-Glosa" emfasi; Glosa es un IAL; sed plus id auxi u logi de internatio skience terminologi; e sti rapidi u logi de plu Latin e Greko vokabulari.

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 21 -

Step 6

U-ci	This (the-here)
U-la	That (the-there)


U-ci bibli. U-la bibli.	This book. That book.
Qe tu pa lekto u-ci bibli?	Have you read this book?
No! Sed mi pa lekto u-la bibli.	No! But I've read that book.
Mi fu grafo ad u-la gina.	I will write to that lady.
Fe pa grafo u-ci grama a mi.	She wrote this letter to me.
Qe mu eko in u-la domi?	Do they live in that house?
Fe pa don a mi plu-ci kali flori; e plu-la fito.	She gave me these beautiful flowers, and those plants.
An ergo in u-ci domi.	He works in this building.
Mi fu vora u-la plaka.	I will eat that cake.
U-ci plaka es mega.	This cake is big.
Bi-ci plaka es mega.	These two cakes are big.
Bi-ci plaka habe mega.	These two cakes are big.
Mu pa skope a mi.	They looked towards me.
An pa dice gratia a mi de u bibli.	He thanked me for the book.
Mi eko 3, Castle St. London.	I live at 3, Castle St. London.
Mi nati-di es di bi-penta meno penta.	My birthday is on the 25th May.
Urba e rura.	Town and country.
France es u Euro-landa.	France is a Euro-country.

... [missing: Vocabulary]

Exercise 6

U-ci avi kanta kali.	This bird sings beautifully.
An fu gresi a fe domi fu-di..	He will walk to her house tomorrow.
Mi pa posta u-la grama pa-di.	I posted that letter yesterday.
Mi pa grafo a fe pa setimana; sed fe ne pa responde.	I wrote to her last week, but she didn't reply.
Tri-ci flori habe kali.	These three flowers are lovely.
U medika-pe pa dice a pato-pe..	The doctor spoke to the patient.
Glosa es eu fono.	Glosa sounds nice.
Qe tu amo u-ci landa?.	Do you like this country?
Komo (= Qo-mode) tu Glosa u-la?	How do you translate that into Glosa?
Nu-di vespera. Fu-di mana.	This evening. Tomorrow morning.

Plu-ci avi es kali.	These birds are beautiful.
Mi amo gene sko de u-ci lingua.	I like learning this language.
Mi fu dice Glosa.	I will speak in Glosa.
Qe u-ci es tu domi?	Is this your house?
Mi pa visita u mega kali religio-do in Paris.	I visited the big beautiful church in Paris.
Tu dice qo plu lingua?	Which languages do you speak?
Mi volu gene sko de u France-lingua.	I want to learn French.
Qe tu habe u sko-bibli?	Have you an instruction book?
extra-landa	abroad
An pa dice qo?	What did he say?

- p. 22 -

... [missing: Place (list with -lo-words)]
... [missing: Materials (list with -ma-words)]
... [missing: Set, Bundle (list with -fa-words)]
... [missing: Fi-Lament, Thread (list with -fi-words)]
... [missing: Stone (list with -li-words)]

A Letter

Karo Andrew,

Ja, mi amo plu zoa e plu fito. Mi habe okto piski. Il es poli kali flori in na horti; e freqe mi ergo ko mi matri in horti.

U nima de tu felis es qo? Tu amo qo speci sporta? Qe tu dice poli lingua? Mi gene sko de Francais; e fu-anua mi visita France. Qe tu pa visita u-la landa? Mi amo France; mi amo plu France-pe, u bio-mode, u landa, e, sura France fago-ma.

Mi lekto plu bibli de viagia, kuko, plu manu-tekno e plu zoa-histori. Tu lekto qo plu speci bibli?

Poli saluta

Irene

- p. 23 -

Things to Eat

... [missing: Things to Eat (picture)]

Things to Eat - A Few Phrases

mixa u margarina (original says mix u margarin) e sukro-ma	cream the margarine and sugar
mixa bi ova	beat two eggs
fria u kasea	grate the cheese
spora plu sperma supra	sprinkle seeds on top
peli / lami u pomi	peel / slice an apple
frakti / fria plu nuki (original says nuci)	crack / chop the nuts
buli un oriza in ge-sali aqa	boil the rice in salted water
pande butiri epi pani	spread butter on bread
lipo / vapo / gril u piski	fry / steam / grill the fish
kuk e mixa plu ova	scramble the eggs
furna plu potato	roast the potatoes
fusi sos epi pasta	pour sauce on the pasta
kribri u farina	sieve the flour

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 24 -

Step 7

gene	get a thing or quality
ge-	got -, -ed, -en


Mi es ge-nima Irene.	I am called Irene.
An pa frakti u fenestra.	He broke the window.
U fenestra pa gene frakti.	The window got broken.
u ge-frakti fenestra	a broken window
u bibli ge-grafo ex G. B. Shaw	a book written by G. B. Shaw
Fe pa gene six grama nu-di.	She got six letters today.
Tu pa gene nati di okto, meno penta.	You were born on the 8th May.
mo nona septi okto (error in original mo nona centi okto)	1978
U glacia pa gene liqi.	The ice melted.
Glacia es ge-geli aqa.	Ice is frozen water.
Mi gene sko de Deutsch.	I am learning German.
Gene sko de Glosa es fo facili.	Learning Glosa is very easy.
Gene sko de Russki es no-facili.	Learning Russian is difficult.
u kali fito	a beautiful plant
u no-mega avi	a small bird
u no-kali dom	an ugly building
ne-ge-volu (Original says no-ge-volu, but that would be more "detest")	unwanted
Fe pa face plu vasa tekno.	She made the vases skilfully.
An grafo no-tekno.	He writes awkwardly.
U piski pa gene kuko.	The fish got cooked.
u ge-kuko piski	a cooked fish
ne-ge-kuko (original says no-ge-kuko, but the opposite of kuko* is geli - freeze)*	raw, uncooked
An pa ki ex domi	He went out of the house.
Fe pa ki ad-in religio-do.	She went into the temple.

... [missing: Vocabulary]

Exercise 7

Mi pa gene nati di penta, meno mo-bi.	I was born on December 5th.
Mega hidro.	A lot of water.
Poli zoa.	A lot of animals.
Mu telefono ne funktio.	Their telephone isn't working.
U kamera es no-foto; kausa u lampa ne funktio.	The room is dark; because the lamp isn't working.
Poli persona lose bio; kausa mu habe ne sati sito e hidro.	Many people die because they do not have enough food and water.

Id gene no-foto.	It's getting dark.
Id gene termo.	It's getting hot.
U bibli ge-nima "The Artificial Language Movement" ex Dr. Large; e ge-publika ex Blackwell 1986; tena mega info de poli internatio auxi lingua.	The book titled "The Artificial Language Movement" by Dr. Large and published by Basil Blackwell in 1986 has a lot of information about many International Auxiliary Languages.
Klari/ No-klari fotografi.	Sharp/ Blurred photograph.

- p. 25 -

... [missing: NO- forms opposites (wordlist)]
... [missing: Get and got (wordlist gene, ge-)]
... [missing: Clothes (wordlist ve- with pictures)]
... [missing: Cloths (wordlist te- with pictures)]

- p. 26 -

Travel

... [missing: Travel - 4 pictures with words]

- p. 27 -

Travel - A Few Phrases

Merka u bileta a ...	Buy a ticket to ...
ab bileta, versi bileta, anua bileta	single ticket, return ticket, season ticket
Mi pa lose mi teka.	I have lost my suitcase.
tena u (error in original: a) sedi	reserve a seat
ne-fumi-mero (original says no-fumi-mero)	non smoking compartment
qestio de plu ab-horo	enquire about departure times
verifi u horo-tabula	check the time table
Pro qo tem u-ci bilet habe valu?	For how long is this ticket valid?
Tu trena ki ab plata tri a 14:00 horo.	Your train departs from platform 3 at 14:00 hrs.
Qo-lo na nece kambio?	Where do we have to change?
prima klasi, klasi bi (original says sekunda klasi)	first class, second class
tako, lento	fast, slow
prima trena de di, ultima trena de di (original says pre-kron trena, po-kron trena* )*	early train, late train
ki per fu-trena a Paris	take the next train to Paris
Mi es in falsi trena.	I am on the wrong train.
Fe nece ki tako.	She is in a hurry.
Qe, u-ci trena sto (original says stop) a ...?	Does this train stop at ...?
Mi pa lose u trena a ...	I have missed the train for ...
Qo-lo u ge-lose ra ofici, place?	Where is the lost property office, please?
Qe, tu pote dic a mi u via a ...?	Can you tell me the way to ...?
tropi a dextro/ levo (original says levo)	turn right/ left
ki rekti	go straight ahead
Prende na a bi horo.	Pick us up at 2 o'clock.
Mi pa gene sto in kongesti.	I was held up in a traffic jam.
Evita un akro horo.	Avoid the rush-hour.
Qe u garage funktio holo noktu? (original says Qe, u garage es apri holo noktu?)	Is the garage open all night?
tem habe u vagona	hire a car
Mi pa uti holo benzina.	I've run out of petrol.
U defekti. Mal-acide.	Break-down. Accident.
kambio a tako tetra/ tri	change into 4th/ 3rd gear
Mi nece bus numera qo? (original says Qe, mi volu qo numera bus?)	Which number bus do I need?
U plana es bi-ze minuta po-kron kausa nebu/ tempestu	The plane is 20 minutes late due to fog/ storm.
Qo horo na landa?	When do we land?
Na fu landa po deka minuta.	We shall land in 10 minutes.
Sto plu cigareta; e fixa tu bio-zo place.	Put out your cigarettes and fasten seat-belts, please.
ki dia fiska-do	pass through customs
Apri u-ci teka, place.	Open this suitcase, please.
Mi habe zero de deklara.	I have nothing to declare.
viagia-insura	travel insurance

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 28 -

Step 8

posi	may, might, perhaps
nece	must, have to


Mi fu posi sporta tenis.	I will perhaps play tennis.
An habe u poesi-bibli.	He has a poetry book.
Posi an fu dona id a mi.	Perhaps he will give it to me.
Fe fu posi mite u grama a mi.	She might send a letter to me.
Mi nekto in termo hidro.	I swim in warm water.
Un hidro es termo.	The water is hot.
Un hidro habe termo.	The water is hot.
Panto fito nece gene foto.	All plants must have light.
Mi nece ergo nu-di mana.	I have to work this morning.
Mi pa nece visita u medika-pe.	I had to visit the doctor.
Mi fu nece akti id.	I shall have to do it.
Panto plaka. Un holo plaka.	All the cakes. The whole cake.
Panto-di. Un holo di.	Every day. The whole day.
U pluso bibli.	Another (additional) book.
Un hetero bibli.	Another (different) book.
Mu eko alo London alo Paris.	They live in either London or Paris.
Il pa es poli avi in horti.	There are a lot of birds in the garden.
Qe tu ski u boni fago-do proxi ci? (original says ... peri ci?)	Do you know a good restaurant around here?

... [missing: Vocabulary]

Exercise 8

Posi mi visita France fu anua.	I might visit France next year.
Posi na fu ki a bibli-bo.	We may go to the book-shop.
Plu piski pa lose bio; kausa un hidro pa ki ex piski-va.	The fishes died because the water leaked out of the tank.
Qe tu fu petitio fe de telefono mi?	Will you ask her to telephone me?
Mi volu dic a fe de id.	I want to talk to her about it.
Tu nati-lingua es qo?	What is your native tongue?
Qo numera horo u telefono ne funktio?	How many hours has the phone been out of order?
Na nece merka u neo-ra.	We must buy another one.
Qo numera anua ex tu pa visita Nice?	How long since you visited Nice?

Mi nece ki a Paris fu-setimana.	I must go to Paris next week.
Mi nece telefon a fe nu-di.	I must 'phone her today.
An pa nece ki ex domi.	He had to go out of the house.
Posi mi fu skope televisio.	I might watch television.
U-la es no-posi.	That is impossible.
Tu Kanis habe qo kroma?	What color is your dog?
An pa kroma u domi.	He painted the house.
Mi nece qestio mu de id.	I must ask them about it.
Fe pa proto kanta.	She started to sing.
Qo anua tu pa gene nati?	When were you born?
Qo horo tu pa proto ergo?	What time do you start work?
Qo-freqe tu stude Glosa?	How often do you study Glosa?

- p. 29 -

The House

... [missing: The House - picture with words]

- p. 30 -

The House - A Few Phases

merka / vendo tu domi	buy / sell your house
eko in neo domi	move to a new house
prende un hipoteka	take out a mortgage
tem-habe u domi	rent a house
Proprie-pe. Tem eko-pe.	Owner. Tenant.
domi-fe	housewife
brosa kuko-ka pedi-lo	sweep kitchen floor
sistema u sedi-ka	tidy the lounge
puri u tape	vacuum the carpet
re taxo plu mobili	rearrange the furniture
in ante-ka / poste-ka	in the front / back room
ki ana / kata	go upstairs / downstairs
klavi / no-klavi u porta	lock / unlock the door
soni u fronta porta kampani	ring the front door bell
klude / apri u fenestra	close / open the window
balno se	take a bath
kuko u vespera vora	cook the evening meal
Qo-lo tu eko?	Where do you live?
Qe Sr. / Sa. X es a domi?	Is Mr. / Ms. X at home?
Place veni in.	Please come in.
Senti a tu domi	Make yourself at home
Qe, tu fu resta ci u setimana?	Will you stay with us for a week?
Ex tu kamera tu skope un horti.	Your room overlooks the garden.
Mi spe; tu fu senti hedo ci.	I hope you will be comfortable.
Dic a mi; si tu volu ali-ra.	Let me know if you need anything.
Na vora a seti horo.	We eat at 7 o'clock.

A Letter

Karo Irene,

Mi Felis es ge-nima Felix. Plus, mi habe plu piski; sed mu ne eko in horti. Mu eko in piski-va in mi kamera. Mu nece habe ge-termo hidro. Mi habe mo-tri piski; e poli mu habe plu kali kroma. Pa setimana mo piski pa lose bio. Fu-di es mi nati-di. Posi mi matri fu don a mi u pluso piski te vice id.

Mi ne dice u France-lingua. Mi dice bi lingua; mi nati lingua Deutsch; e un Internatio Auxi Lingua Glosa. Mi ne pa ki a France. Mi pa visita Italia, Danemark, Cina e España. Posi mi fu ki ad India.

Mi amo lekto plu bibli de ekologi, viagia, sporta e plu histori. Mi amo sporta tenis e pedi-bola. Mi ne skope televisio freqe; sed mi amo akusti u radio.

Qe tu kambio plu grama ko poli Glosa-pe? Tu pa gene sko de Glosa pre qo numera anua? Qo-ka tu pa proto uti Glosa? Mi nece fini grafo u-ci grama; ka id es un horo de ki a sko-do.

Plu ami saluta,

Andrew

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 31 -

Step 9

tem	time, during
kron	brief time, instant


Qe tu habe un horo-me?	Have you a clock?
Qo horo? Id es penta horo.	What's the time? It's 5 o'clock.
nona minuta po tri horo	9 minutes past 3
tri-ze minuta po tetra horo	30 minutes past 4
mo-six tri-ze	16.30
bi-penta minuta pre sixa horo	25 minutes to six
mo-seti tetra-bi	17.42
Meso-di. Meso-nokti.	Mid-day, noon. Midnight.
po meso-di	afternoon
Sixa-ze sekunda eqa mo minuta.	60 seconds equal one minute.
Bi-tetra horo eqa mo di.	24 hours equal one day.
Na pa ki a Roma tem meno tri.	We went to Rome in March.
Tem na pa ki ana monti; id pa proto pluvi.	While we were going up the mountain, it started to rain.
Mi pa telefono a fe bi kron.	I phoned her twice.
tri kron singu (original says kron un) anua / di	three times a year / day
Fe pa eko in India tem mo anua.	She lived in India for one year.
Mi nu eko in Italia.	I now live in Italy.
Mi eko Italia ex bi anua retro.	I have been living in Italy for two years.
Mi pa veni ad Italia pre bi anua.	I came to Italy two years ago.
Mi pa veni ad Italia bi anua retro.	I came to Italy two years ago.
Blasto-tem. Termo-tem.	Spring-time. Summer-time.
Sperma-tem. Frigi-tem.	Autumn. Winter.

Vocabulary

minuta	minute
sekunda	second
po	after, post-
pre	before, pre-vious
meso	middle, centre
pluvi	rain
na	we, us, our
blasto	bud
sperma	seed
veni	come, arrive

Exercise 9

Qo horo u medika-pe pa veni?	What time did the doctor come?
Id es nu tetra horo; e an ne es ci.	It is now 4 o'clock and he not yet arrived.
Kron an veni place dic a mi.	When he comes please tell me.
Tem meno-mo na pa ki a London.	During January we went to London.
Tem na pa eko in Paris mu pa visita na bi kron.	While we were living in Paris, they visited us twice.
Fe eko in domi bi.	She lives in the second house.
An pa ki in domi.	He entered the house.

Mi fu atende ci tem mo horo.	I will wait here for one hour.
Mi pa veni meso-di.	I came at mid-day.
Mi fu eko in England tem deka anua.	I will live in England for 10 years.
Telefon a mi; kron an veni.	Phone me when he comes.
Mi volu vide an; kron an veni.	I want to see him when he comes.
U bibli "Interglossa" ex Hogben pa gene publika 1943.	The book "Interglossa" by Hogben was published in 1943.

- p. 32 -

A Street Scene

U-ci es u strata-vista. U longi rekti rota via (1) e bi pedi-via (2). Prima, skop u laevo pedi-via (3).

A gono (4) es u posta-teka (5). U-ci hab u stoma (6) ad-in qi pe bali plu grama. Infra stoma es un horo-tabula (6a); qi indika plu kolekti-horo. Poste posta-teka es u pani-bo (7); e supra u-ci u strata-nima ... Ponti via.
Il es bi pla poste (original says intra) fenestra (10). Epi supra pla es plu pani (11); e epi infra-pla es plu plaka (12). Ante boteka u gina (13) gresi longi pedi-via. Fe fero u boteka-saka (14) in dextro manu; e per laevo manu fe trakto u rota-saka (15). Ma tele u porta (16) fero u karta (17). Ultra porta es u fenestra de bibli-bo (18). Prox u-ci es u pedi-kruci (19); epi qi es u ju-fe (20) ko kanis (21) ge-liga a duce-fi (22). U ju-fe e u kanis nu-fu ki ad-epi pedi-via. Ante pedi-kruci es ge-parka u moto cikla (23). Para bibli-bo es u 'fono-teka (24); e, ma-tele, u kinema-porta (25).

Nu, skop u dextro pedi-via (2). Prima, il es u vesti-bo (26); e supra u-ci u fago-do (27). Extra vesti-bo es u bus sto (28) e u sto-pali (29); qi fero un horo-tabula (30). A pedi de pali es u rudi-va (31). Supra boteka-fenestra es bi insignia (32). Il es bi plus boteka longi u-ci dextro latu, u sito-fito-bo (original says kloro-bo) (33) e u piski-bo (34). Supra u-ci es u kamera-fa (35); e supra sito-fito-bo (original says kloro-bo) es u denti-ka (36). Pe vide u denti-pe (37) e u pato-pe (38). Extra piski-bo (34) ad (error in original es) u singu-fini de pedi-kruci (19) es plu sema-lampa (39). Ma-tele es u latu-via (40); a proxi (error in original e proxo) gono es u strata-lampa (41). A ma-tele gono es u banka (42) e u deiko-via (43). Poste banka es u mega domi (44), u ponti (45); epi qi es u trena (46); e poste panto-ci es plu tele-buna (47).

- p. 33 -

Psalm 23

U Teo es mi pastora. Mi ne fu fami;	The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want;
An don a mi u kli in kloro agri.	He makes me lie down in green pastures.
An duce mi para plu paci aqa;	He leads me beside still waters.
An fresko mi spiritu.	He restores my soul.
An duce mi in plu via de veri, pro an nima.	He leads me in paths of righteousness for his name's sake.
Klu kron mi gresi dia vali de umbra de morta, mi fobo nuli kako;	Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil;
Ka Tu es ko mi;	for Thou art with me;
Tu baci e Tu ovi-ru konsola mi	Thy rod and Thy staff they comfort me
Tu prepar u tabla pro mi kontra mi plu anti-pe;	Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of my enemies.
Tu flu olea epi mi kefa;	Thou anointest my head with oil,
Mi kalici supra flu.	my cup runneth over.
Sura, agata e pardo fu seqe mi panto di de bio;	Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life;
E mi fu eko in domi de Teo holo tem.	and I shall dwell in the house of the Lord for ever.

Derivations

teo          God                G. THEOlogy  
pastora      shepherd           PAST-, feed 
habe         have               HABE cog. HAVE  
pan          all                PAN-AM  
nece         necessary, must    NECEssary  
dona         give               DONAte  
kli          bed                G. KLInic  
duce         lead               introDUCE  
para         beside             PARAllel  
veri         truth, truly       VERY  
nima         name               G. pseudoNYM  
klu          even               inCLUding  
kron         when               G. CHRONology  
gresi        walk               proGRESS  
umbra        shadow             UMBRella  
kako         bad, evil          G. KAKOphony  
ka           because            beCAuse  
baci         rod                BACIllus  
ovis         sheep              OVIne  
anti-pe      enemy              ANTI-PErson  
flu          flow, pour         FLUent   
kefa         head               G. CEPHAlic  
kalici       cup                CALYX  
agata        goodness           G. AGATHA  
seqe         follow             conSEQUEnce  
pan(to)      all                G. PANTOmime  
eko          dwell              G. ECOnomics  
domi, -do    house              DOMIcile  
holo         whole              HOLOcaust  
tem          time               TEMporal

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 34 -

Step 10

forti; fo-	very, intense


Id es u forti termo landa.	It is a very hot country.
U textili habe forti kloro.	The cloth is deep green.
u forti interese bibli	a very interesting book
Mi fo pa kogita de u-la bibli.	I thought hard about that book.
Mi fo volu visita Cina.	I very much want to visit China.
Mi doxo; id es u forti interese landa.	I believe it is a very interesting country.
Na pa eko forti proxi Paris.	We lived very near to Paris.
An pa veni a Paris per trena.	He came to Paris by train.
An pa trena a Paris.	He 'trained' to Paris.
An pa trena ab London.	He went by train from London.
Na pa unio kon an a tri horo.	We met him (by appointment) at three.
Na pa inkontra (original says enkontra) fe a tri horo.	We met her (by chance) at three.
Fe pa stude plu Glosa verba.	She studied the Glosa vocabulary.
Per Glosa 1000 pe pote grafo alo dice de panto (original says de ali tema) tema.	By means of Glosa 1000 you can write or speak on any theme.
Glosa es fo kongru pro plu puta-me.	Glosa is very suitable for computers.
Plura Glosa-pe komunika per puta-me nexu.	Several Glosa speakers communicate through a computer network.

... [missing: Vocabulary]

Exercise 10

Tu veni ex qo landa?	Which country do you come from?
Qe tu ski il es plura trena ab Roma a Milano?	Do you know that there are several trains from Rome to Milan.
In tu landa pe dice qo numera lingua?	How many languages are spoken in your country?
Na pa komunika per Glosa.	We conversed through Glosa.
U munda auxi-lingua es nece pro munda komunika.	A World Auxiliary Language is essential for World Communication.
Plu Glosa verba es fo-facili de memo.	Glosa vocabulary is very easy to remember.

An pa trena a London.	He went to London by train.
Fe pa stude forti.	She studied hard.
Mu pa face musika per piano.	They made music by means of the piano.
Pe kuko per kuko-me.	We cook by means of a cooker.
Mi pote dice Glosa fo facili.	I can speak in Glosa very easily.
Pe pote facili komunika in Glosa per puta-me.	One can easily communicate in Glosa by computer.
U-ci es kausa Glosa habe zero no-facili gramatika; e singu verba habe solo mo semani.	This is because Glosa has no complicated grammar, and each word has only one meaning.
U-ci verba semani qo?	What does this word mean?

- p. 35 -

Hospital

... [missing: picture with a hospital scene]
... [missing: word list to the hospital scene picture]

- p. 36 -

Hospital - A Few Phrases

Mi ne este sani.	I don't feel well.
Ge-turba gastro. Kef algo.	Upset stomach. Head ache.
Sito-toxi. Hipertermia.	Food poisoning. Sunstroke.
Fe pa lose konski.	She has fainted.
Il pa es u mal-acide.	There has been an accident.
Fe es mali ge-busti.	She is badly burnt.
An habe u ge-frakti braki.	He has a broken arm.
Place kla u pato-vagona.	Please call an ambulance.
Qe il es u medika-pe proxi ci?	Is there a doctor near here?
Qe, mi pote habe u visita kron?	Can I make an appointment?
Qe, tu habe u bandage?	Do you have a bandage?
loka unktu-ma (error in original ungu-ma) epi vulne	put ointment on the wound
Qe u-ci medika-ma funktio?	Is this medicine effective?
Seis u botilia pre uti.	Shake the bottle before use.
Bibe bi spatula de medika-ma bi kron singu di. (original says Bibe bi spatula-ple bi kron u di.)	Take two spoonfuls twice a day.
po / pre / tem vora	after / before / during meals
U maxi proxi medika-ma-bo es qo-lo? (original says Qo-lo u maxi proxi kemi-bo?)	Where is the nearest chemist shop?

A Letter

Karo Andrew,

Qo anua tu fu ki ad India? Mi doxo; India es u fo interese landa. Mi fo amo plu India textili; mu habe poli kroma. Qo metri tem tu fu eko la? E tu fu eko in qo urba?

Il es poli komunika problema in India; mu habe bi-penta duce-lingua; e plus-co 1,600 loka lingua. Solo 40 % India-pe dice Hindi; qi es u duce-lingua de u-la landa.

Nu mi respone a plu qestio de tu:

Mi kambio plu grama ko tetra Glosa-pe; mo andro in Afrika, bi Cina-fe, e mo France gina. Mi posi visita fe u prima kron fu anua. Fe eko fo proxi Paris.

Mi doxo; Glosa fu auxi munda kon-ergo e internatio komunika. U Munda-lingua es fo-nece. U-ci es u kausa; mi pa proto uti Glosa. Il es poli kilo lingua in Munda; e pe ne pote gene ski de panto-mu! Mi komunika per Glosa ex pre nona meno. Solo mo di po mi pa gene Glosa 1000 verba lista; mi pa proto kambio plu Glosa grama. Po proxi bi meno mi pa proto stude Glosa 6000; nu mi pote grafo, dice e lekto u-la lingua fo flu facili. Mi amo id forti; e doxo; id es u fo eufoni lingua.

Poli saluta

Irene

(To other steps: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)

- p. 37 -

Step 11

debi	ought to, should


Mi pa noku mi pedi.	I have hurt my foot.
Mi ne pote gresi.	I can't walk.
Qe tu permito; mi habe u vitri-va (original says only vitri) ?	Can I have a glass?
No! Mi ne permito; tu habe mo.	No! You can't have it.
Mi ne dona permito.	I will not allow it.
Fe pa gene permito de resta in u-la landa tem mo anua.	She got permission to stay in the country for one year.
Mi pa debi visita fe.	I ought to have visited her.
Tu debi buli un hidro pre bibe id.	You ought to boil the water before drinking it.
Singu manu habe penta digi.	Each hand has five fingers.
Singu tabla (original says Panto tabla, but that would be more exactly: "All the tables ... ") habe tetra poda.	Each table has four legs.
Solo mo persona pote dice Glosa.	Only one person can speak Glosa.
U-la andro pote dice solo Glosa.	That man can speak only Glosa.
Na pa cerko panto-lo; sed ne pa pote detekti mu.	We looked everywhere but couldn't find them.
Mu debi es in mi kamera.	They ought to be in my room.
Mi visita fe singu di-tri.	I visit her every Tuesday.
Mi visita an singu tri di.	I visit him every three days.

... [missing: Vocabulary]

Exercise 11

Qe tu pote dice Glosa?	Can you speak Glosa?
Dona bi karta a singu sporta-pe.	Give two cards to each player.
Qe tu pote lava bi-ci vitri-va (original says only vitri), place?	Please can you wash these two glasses?
Panto-pe debi bibe tri mega vitri-va (original says only vitri) de hidro singu di.	Everyone should drink three large glasses of water every day.
Qe tu permito mi sporta tenis nu-di?	Can I play tennis today?
Tu volu bibe qo-ma?	What would you like to drink?
Qe mi lice habe u tasa de tea, place?	Can I have a cup of tea, please?
Fe pa debi dice a tu de id.	She ought to have told you about it.
Qe tu doxo; mi debi ki a medika-pe?	Do you think I should go to the doctor?
ge-va frukti (original says va frukti)	tinned fruit

An es pato; mi debi visita an.	He is ill. I ought to visit him.
U vitri-va (original says only vitri) pa es ge-noku.	The glass was damaged.
Qe tu permito mi uti tu sue-me?	May I use your sewing-machine?
U-ci tasa habe zero manu-ra.	This cup hasn't a handle.
Id pa pluvi un holo di.	It rained all day.
Tem na pa es in France; id pa pluvi singu di.	While we were in France it rained every day.
Tu debi seka u-ci fito singu sperma-tem.	You should prune this plant every autumn.
Tu ne pa debi bibe id.	You should not have drunk it.
Id es mi debi de auxi tu.	It is my duty to help you.
Frukti-va. Ami-uti.	Fruit bowl / container. User-friendly.

- p. 38 -

Communications

... [missing: picture with things about communication]
... [missing: word list to the picture]

- p. 39 -

Communications - A Few Phrases

viagia peri munda	travel around the world
demo transporta	public transport
bali u raketa	launch a rocket
petitio / mite info	request (original says "receive", but that would be gene) / send information
skop u video	watch a video
registra epi kaseta	record a cassette
telefono (original says face u foni-kla)	make a phone call
kompos u numera	dial a number
komposi / kla toni	dialling / ringing tone
line aktivi	line engaged
pende	hang up
ge-seka	cut off
Inter-urba kla. Loka kla.	Trunk / local call.
Nexi-taba. Nexi-do.	Switch board. Exchange.
numera-ofici	directory enquiries
linqi mesage epi repli-me	leave a message on the answering machine
Dice po toni.	Speak after the tone.
ge-registra mesage	recorded message
tabla-publika (error in original: taba-publika)	desk top publishing
Klavi in. Printa ex.	Key in. Print out.
format u disko (original says diska)	format a disk
uti u programa	run a program
salva info	save information
apri u dosie	open up a file
bali fax a ...	send a fax to ...
sekuri kopi	make a back-up copy
ma-dinami	upgrade the system
tele-konference	take part in a tele-conference
duce un publika kampania	run an advertising campaign
Place adi mi nima a tu posta lista.	Please add my name to your mailing list.
Plu norma ofici horo es ex ok tri-ze a mo seti tri-ze.	Normal office hours are from 8.30 to 17.30.
Mi fu es in ofici holo di.	I shall be in the office all day.

18 Steps to Fluency in Euro-Glosa

Foreword by the HTML-Writer

Contents

The Global Language for the Global Village

Preliminary Notes

Pronunciation

Spelling

Alphabet

Punctuation

Step 1

Numbers

-co

Step 2

Plu Profesio

Colors

Step 3

Shops

Living Things

Buildings

Step 4

Step 5

Devices

Glosa 1000

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

Step 9

Step 10

Step 11